Scientific name: Vitis vinifera   Family: Vitaceae                                

The vine is a climbing bush, deciduous in the winter,with large leaves, divided into three to five lobes.

The vine is one of the seven species for which the Land of Israel is known .

The typical pruduct of the vine is grape juice, one of the three things representing the goodness of the land: "..a  land of grain,wine and oil..."  Deuteronomy 28:51 

Scientific name: Olea europaea   Family: Oleaceae

The olive is an evergreen tree with thick-skinned, small and extended leaves.Their upper side is dark green and shiny and their underside  is silver colored.

During the summer months and until December,  the olive fruit grows and ripens and during this process its color changes from green to purple and to black.

The olive is mentioned many times in the Bible and is one of the seven species for which the Land of Israel is known. The Land of  Israel was termed in the Torah as "A land of wheat, and barley and vines and fig trees and pomegranates;a land of olive oil and honey"  Deuteronomy 8:8

Scientific name: Ficus carica   Family: Moraceae

The Ficus carica is a winter deciduous tree with large leaves divided into hand-shaped lobes, of which there are five.

The fruit- the fig-are a development of the fertilized nascent fruit. In effect, the fig is many fruits with their envelope .

The fruit   ripens towards the end of the summer, in August - September.

The fig is mentioned in the Bible many times . It is the first tree mentioned by name in the Bible, in the story of Adam and  Eve:  " And the eyes of them both were opened and they knew that they were naked ;and they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves garments". Genesis 3:7

Scientific name: Punica granutum  Family: Punicaceae

A bush or a low tree, usually deciduous but it a can behave as an evergreen, depending on the conditions of its habitat. The shape of the pomegranate's leaves is a elongated ellipse.

The pomegranate fruit is very large and contains seeds with juicy coating. The fruit grows during the summer and towards winter, turns red and ripens.

The pomegranate appears a number of times in our sources.It is among the seven species for which the Land of Israel is known.The tree and its beautiful fruit star in the greatest love song in the world, the Biblical Song of Songs: " Your lips are like a thread of scarlet , and your mouth is comely;your cheeks are like of a pomegranate behind your veil." Song of Songs ,4:3

Scientific name: Amygdalus communis   Family: Rosaceae

The Almond is a winter tree with serrated and elongated leaves.

The almond flowers precede the foliage which comes with the end of the flowering. The early flowering of the almond,before other fruit trees, presages the arrival of spring.

Almond fruit is placed inside a hard shell and has great nutritional value and contains about 60% oil.

The almond takes an important place in early and current culture altough it is not among the seven species for which the Land of Israel is known.

In the Bible it is first mentioned in conversation between Jacob and his sons before their second visit to buy food in Egypt. "Take of the best fruits in the land …a little honey, spices and myrrh, nuts and almonds." Genesis 43:11